I always like the game Master Mind as a child. I found itchallenging and a good way to discover how others think. It is based on logic and deduction. I like that you can control the difficulty level yourself by varying the number of pegs from 4-6, the number of colors from 6-10, whether to allow duplicate colored pegs, and whether to include holes as an option for pegs.
You can even determine if you wish for the clues to tell the position of the correct pegs.
I believe this is a good game for students and less frustration for me than Sudoko.